含有冠词固定短语.doc

 三种类型的固定词组 1. 用零冠词的习语有三类:

 1) “动词+零冠词+名词”,如:

 cast anchor 抛锚

  lose heart

 丧失信心 着火

 make way

 前进 改变方向

 change gear

 换档 delay sentence

 推迟判决

 mount guard

 上岗 捎信 启航

 2)“介词+零冠词+名词(+介词)”,如:

 at home在家

 at first起初

 at most 最多

 at home and abroad在国内外

 by chance偶然

  by day

 在白天

 by means of 通过,借助

  for instance 例如

  from beginning 从头

 in advance 预先

 in business 经商 in charge 主管

  in common 共有

  in danger 在危险中

  in debt 负债

 in doubt 怀疑

  in fear 恐惧 in front of 在……前面

 in need of 需要

  in place of 代替

  in public 当众

  in silence 无声地 in sight 看得见

  in space 在太空中

 in spite of 不管

  in time of 在……时

  on account of 因为 on foot

 步行

  on hand

 在手头

 on duty 在值班

 on show 在展示

  out of breath 喘不过气来

 out of control 失控

 out of date

 过时

 out of work 失业

 at least 至少

 3)“动词+零冠词+名词+介词”,如:

 catch sight of 看到

 make use of 利用 当……用

 do harm to 对……有害

 do wrong to 冤枉

 find fault with 挑剔

 take(catch)hold of 抓住 pay attention to 注意 take exception to 反对 take care of 照顾 take part in 参加

 take pride in 以……为自豪 2. 用不定冠词的习语 A few

 a little

 a lot of

 a bit,

 a couple of

 a great deal of(大量)

 all of a sudden(突然)

 as a matter of fact(实际上)

  as a result 因此

  as a rule(惯例)

  as a whole(总之)

  at a loss 不知所措

 at a distance 在远处

 be a pity(遗憾)

 catch a cold(感冒)

 do sb. a favour(帮忙)

  have a cold(headache, fever)(感冒(头痛、发烧))

 have a good time(玩得愉快)

 have a word with sb.(与…交谈)

  in a day or two(一两天)

  in a hurry(匆忙的)

  in a way 在某种程度上

  in a word(简言之)

 keep an eye on 注意着

  lend a hand 帮忙

  many a(许多)

 make a fire 生火

 make a fool of 愚弄

  make a fortune 发财

  make a living(谋生)

  of a size(大小相同)

  once in a while 偶尔 pay a visit to(访问)

  put an end to 终止

 take a pride in(自豪)

  take a walk(break, bath, seat)(散步(休息、洗澡、就座)

  with a will 坚决地 3. 用定冠词的习语 at the moment 此时

  all over the country 遍及全国

  at the age of 在……岁时

 at the same time 同时 act the lord 逞威风

  burn the midnight oil 开夜车

 by the way 顺便提及

  beside the question 离题 carry the day 获胜

  in the dark 在暗处

 in the air 在空中

 in the end 最终

 in the open 在户外

  in the sun 在阳光下

 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早晨/下午/晚上 in the distance 在远处 in the future 未来

 in the right 有道理

  in the form of 以……的形式 in the habit of 有……的习惯 keep the house 居家不外出

 keep the peace 维持治安

  on the air 在广播

 on the farm 在农场

  on the spot 当场

 on the radio 通过无线电

 on the average 平均

 on the shore 在沙滩 on the increase/decrease 增长/下降 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面

 on the whole 总的说来

  on the alert 警惕

 on the right 在右边

  on the rise/fall 增长/下降 on the contrary 相反

 on the air 广播

 out of the question 不可能

  play the fool 做傻事 put the blame on sb 归咎于某人 take the field 出征 take the consequences 自食其果

 take the place of 代替 the other day 前几天

 tell the truth 说真话

 to the point 切题

  4、在某些习惯用语中,用还是不用冠词,意义不同,有时甚至差别很大 go to sea 当水手

 go to the sea 去海边

 in future 从今以后,将来

 in the future 未来

 on earth 究竟

 on the earth 在地球上,在世上

  go to school (church…) 上学(做礼拜…)

 go to the school (church…) 到学校(教堂)去

 in front of 在…(外部的)前面 in the front of 在…(内部的)前面